虎嗅

High-end cars sold at low prices, how do car companies make money? By repairing them, or by raising insurance premiums?

原文:高配车低价卖,车企靠啥挣钱?修车还是涨保费?

The Crazy Rush of 600 New Cars in Half a Year: What Are the Car Companies Really Up to?

Hello everyone, I'm your financial journalist. Recently, the car industry has seen something that has both excited and confused many people: in just half a year, more than 600 new cars have flooded the domestic market. These cars all share one common feature—they offer exceptional value for money. In simple terms, they are cheaper than before, come with better specifications, and offer more interior space.

Many consumers are wondering, “If these cars are so good, why didn’t they tell me about them earlier?” Even more suspiciously, they ask, “Can car companies still make a profit by selling them at such low prices? Are they going to go bankrupt?”

Today, we’ll break down the logic behind this with plain language. This is not just about being cheap; it’s a major reshuffle in the industry that could determine the survival of many companies.

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Why So Many New Cars Suddenly?

First, let’s understand the context: the car market is no longer a buyer’s market; it’s a brutal competitive one. In the past, you might buy a car based on the brand or for prestige. But now, consumers are much more discerning. If one car is slightly more expensive, another competitor might offer it for 20,000 yuan less; if one car has fewer features, another might come with laser radar and a built-in fridge and TV.

These 600 new cars represent a defensive strategy by car companies:

  • Old cars are hard to sell: Many older models have seen a sharp decline in sales due to outdated technology (such as shorter ranges and weaker autonomous driving features).
  • New cars must be launched quickly: To regain market share, car companies are speeding up the research and development process and getting their products to market faster. What used to take 3-4 years now takes 18-24 months or even less.
  • Producing more cars increases the chances of success: Since it’s uncertain which model will become a hit, companies are releasing as many models as possible, hoping to increase their chances of success. This is why we’ve seen over 600 new cars launched in just half a year—they’re all competing for the same market share.

In other words, it’s not that car companies have suddenly become more generous; they realize that if their cars aren’t both cheap and good, they won’t be able to survive in this competitive environment.

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Is the “Value for Money” Really There, or Are There Hidden Shortcomings?

The biggest concern for consumers is that cheap prices might mean poor quality. However, this time it’s different. Let’s look at the sources of this “value for money”:

1. A mature supply chain is the key: In the past few years, China’s automotive supply chain (batteries, chips, screens, motors) has become highly efficient and scaled up. For example, the cost of batteries has dropped by 30% due to increased production. Car companies pass some of this savings on to consumers and keep the rest for themselves.

2. Specifications are improving, not decreasing: The advanced features you see now (like panoramic sunroofs and L2-level autonomous driving) were once only available in more expensive cars. These components have become much cheaper, allowing car companies to offer them in their lower-priced models without significantly increasing the cost.

3. Be wary of hidden shortcomings: Despite the seemingly high specifications, some companies might be cutting corners in areas that are not immediately visible. For example:

  • Does the car’s body meet safety standards?
  • Is the chassis well-engineered?
  • Is the after-sales service network reliable?
  • Will the software be regularly updated?

So, while the “value for money” is real, you need to look beyond the price and focus on the quality and reliability of the car.

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Do Car Companies Really Lose Money?

This is a common question. Do they lose money by selling cars so cheaply?

The answer is: Most car companies are indeed losing money, but their goal is not to kill themselves; it’s to survive. Here’s how they plan to do it:

  • Scale is crucial: The automotive industry is highly dependent on economies of scale. Selling 10,000 cars spreads fixed costs over a larger number, making them more profitable. For example, if a car company loses 5,000 yuan on each car but gains 1 million customers, their overall profit can increase.
  • Cash flow is more important than short-term profits: During a period of market reshuffle, staying in business is essential. Car companies need cash to operate and invest in new technologies. By selling cars at low prices, they can quickly generate cash and survive difficult times.
  • Some companies are taking a strategic loss: Some new entrants don’t aim to make money from selling cars themselves; instead, they use them to gather data and build a user base, with plans to profit from software services, insurance, and charging networks in the future. Cars are just a means to reach these goals.

In other words, car companies are “burning money” to gain market share. They’re betting that if they can survive long enough, they can later raise prices or become profitable through their scale.

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For Consumers: A Golden Period or a Period of Risk?

For us ordinary people, this half-year is indeed a golden period for buying cars, but it’s also a time of difficult choices:

✅ Benefits:

  • Great prices: With the same budget, you can get features that were previously out of reach. For example, you can now buy a domestic electric car with a 500-kilometer range and good autonomous driving for 150,000 yuan, whereas before you could only afford a fuel-powered car at that price.
  • Wide range of choices: With over 600 new cars, there’s surely one that suits you, whether you prefer more space or a smart infotainment system.

⚠️ Risks:

  • Brand reliability: If the car company goes bankrupt within 1-2 years, the car may still be drivable, but you might face issues with software updates, after-sales service, or spare parts.
  • Technology obsolescence: Cars bought now might be surpassed by newer models in just half a year. If you plan to keep the car for more than 5 years, it’s better not to worry too much about future updates; current models are already quite good. If you’re eager for the latest technology, be prepared to buy earlier and possibly pay a higher price later.
  • Information overload: With so many new cars and complex specifications, it’s easy to get overwhelmed. Test-drive the cars and experience them firsthand.

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Future Trends: From Price Wars to Value Wars

This frenzy of new car launches won’t last forever. In the next 1-2 years, many small and medium-sized car companies will exit the market, and a few larger ones will emerge as market leaders. Prices will stabilize as competition shifts from price to brand, service, and overall experience. In the future, cars will become more than just vehicles; they will be intelligent devices. Those companies that excel in autonomous driving, in-car technology, and user experiences will gain a competitive advantage.

In summary: Now is the best time to get the best specifications at the lowest prices. But remember, brand reliability and reliable after-sales service are crucial for your long-term car experience. Don’t let the low prices blind you, and don’t be intimidated by the idea of car companies losing money. Make a rational choice based on careful comparison and a test drive. Choose a brand you trust.